Patella Fracture ORIF

Introduction

A patella fracture ORIF (Open Reduction Internal Fixation) is a surgical procedure performed to repair a broken patella, or kneecap, using metal screws, wires, or plates to hold the fractured bone fragments in place while they heal. The patella is a small, triangular bone located at the front of the knee joint, and fractures can occur due to direct trauma, such as a fall onto the knee or a sudden blow to the kneecap.

Patella fractures can vary in severity, from small cracks to complete breaks that result in displacement of the bone fragments. Indications for patella fracture ORIF include displaced fractures, fractures with multiple fragments, fractures that involve the joint surface, and fractures that impair knee function or stability.

Physiotherapy Management

Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation process following patella fracture ORIF. The physiotherapist's goals are to promote healing, restore range of motion, regain strength and function, and facilitate the patient's return to normal activities.

In the early stages of rehabilitation, physiotherapy focuses on pain management and protecting the surgical site while allowing the fracture to heal. This may involve the use of assistive devices such as crutches and wearing of a knee braces to limit weight-bearing on the affected leg and prevent excessive stress on the healing bone.

Range of motion exercises are initiated early to prevent stiffness and improve flexibility in the knee joint. These exercises may include gentle knee bends, straight leg raises, and passive stretching techniques performed under the guidance of the physiotherapist.

As healing progresses, the physiotherapy program is advanced to include strengthening exercises targeting the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles. These exercises help stabilise the knee joint and improve functional strength to support activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and rising from a seated position.

Physiotherapists also provide guidance on proper gait mechanics, weight-bearing progression, and activity modification to prevent complications and optimise long-term outcomes. Soft tissue massage, joint mobilisations, and proprioceptive training are often completed to address any residual stiffness, muscle imbalances, or proprioceptive deficits.

Conclusion

By following a comprehensive physiotherapy program, patients can achieve optimal outcomes, regain function, and return to their desired level of activity following patella fracture ORIF.