Pectorals Reconstruction

Introduction

Pectoralis major tendon rupture or tear, often referred to as a "pec tear," is a relatively rare but potentially debilitating injury. The pectoralis major is a large muscle located in the chest that plays a key role in movements such as pushing, lifting, and throwing. A tear in the pectoralis major tendon can occur during activities that involve sudden, forceful contraction of the muscle, such as heavy lifting or bench pressing.

Pectoralis major tendon reconstruction is a surgical procedure aimed at repairing the torn tendon and restoring strength and function to the chest and shoulder. The surgery typically involves reattaching the torn tendon to its insertion point on the humerus (upper arm bone) using sutures or anchors. In some cases, if the tendon is severely damaged or retracted, a tendon graft may be used to augment the repair.

Indications for pectoralis major tendon reconstruction include complete tears of the tendon, tears that result in significant weakness or deformity of the chest and shoulder, and tears that do not respond to conservative treatments such as rest, ice, and physiotherapy.

Physiotherapy Rehabilitation

Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation process following pectoralis major tendon reconstruction. The goals of physiotherapy are to promote healing, restore range of motion, regain strength and function, and prevent complications such as stiffness and weakness.

In the early stages of rehabilitation, the focus is on protecting the repaired tendon while allowing it to heal. This may involve wearing a sling or brace to immobilise the shoulder and chest, as well as avoiding activities that place stress on the healing tendon.

As healing progresses, the physiotherapy program is progressed to include gentle range of motion exercises to improve flexibility and prevent stiffness. Gradually, strengthening exercises targeting the chest, shoulder, and upper back muscles are introduced to rebuild strength and stability in the affected area. These exercises may include resistance training with bands or weights, as well as functional exercises to simulate everyday movements.

Physiotherapists also provide guidance on proper posture and body mechanics to prevent strain on the healing tendon and surrounding structures. Additionally, manual therapy techniques such as soft tissue massage and joint mobilisations are used to address any residual stiffness or muscle tightness.

Conclusion

Throughout the rehabilitation process, the physiotherapist works closely with the patient to monitor progress, adjust the treatment plan as needed, and provide support and encouragement. By following a comprehensive physiotherapy program, patients can achieve optimal outcomes and safely return to their normal activities following pectoralis major tendon reconstruction.