What is Calcific Tendonitis?
Understanding Calcific Tendonitis and Physiotherapy Treatment
Calcific tendonitis is a painful condition caused by the buildup of calcium deposits in the tendons of the rotator cuff, most commonly in the shoulder. These deposits can lead to inflammation, pain, and restricted movement, making everyday activities difficult. The exact cause of calcific tendonitis is not fully understood, but it is often associated with degenerative changes in the tendons, repetitive strain, or trauma. Although the condition can be debilitating, physiotherapy offers effective treatment options to manage symptoms, improve function, and prevent recurrence.
Causes and Symptoms of Calcific Tendonitis
Calcific tendonitis typically affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 50, and it is more common in women than men. The calcium deposits usually form in the tendons of the rotator cuff, particularly the supraspinatus tendon. The condition can develop in two stages: the formative phase, where calcium crystals accumulate, and the resorptive phase, where the body attempts to break down and reabsorb the deposits, often leading to intense pain and inflammation.
Symptoms of calcific tendonitis include:
Severe shoulder pain, especially when lifting the arm
Stiffness and reduced range of motion
Pain that worsens at night or with certain movements
Tenderness over the affected tendon
Physiotherapy Approach to Treating Calcific Tendonitis
Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in managing calcific tendonitis by reducing pain, restoring shoulder function, and preventing further issues. A tailored treatment program will focus on several key areas, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s specific needs.
Pain Management
In the initial stages of treatment, the physiotherapist will focus on relieving pain and inflammation. Techniques such as ice therapy, ultrasound, and electrotherapy may be used to reduce swelling and discomfort. Gentle manual therapy, including soft tissue massage and joint mobilisation, can help alleviate tension in the surrounding muscles and improve blood flow to the affected area.
Restoring Mobility
As the pain subsides, the physiotherapist will introduce exercises designed to restore the range of motion in the shoulder. These exercises may include gentle stretching and range-of-motion exercises that target the rotator cuff and surrounding muscles. The goal is to regain full shoulder mobility without aggravating the condition.
Strengthening and Stabilisation
Strengthening exercises are essential for improving shoulder stability and preventing future injuries. The physiotherapist will guide the patient through a series of exercises that focus on the rotator cuff and scapular muscles. Strengthening these muscles helps to support the shoulder joint and reduce the strain on the affected tendons.
Ultrasound-Guided Physiotherapy
In some cases, ultrasound-guided physiotherapy may be used to break down the calcium deposits. This technique involves using ultrasound waves to target and dissolve the calcium, followed by physiotherapy exercises to restore function.
Long-Term Management and Prevention
Preventing recurrence is an important aspect of treating calcific tendonitis. The physiotherapist will educate the patient on proper shoulder mechanics, posture, and ergonomics to reduce the risk of further strain. A home exercise program may also be provided to maintain strength and flexibility in the shoulder.
In conclusion, calcific tendonitis can be a painful and limiting condition, but with the right physiotherapy approach, patients can experience significant relief and regain full shoulder function. Through pain management, mobility restoration, strengthening, and preventive education, physiotherapy plays a vital role in helping individuals recover from calcific tendonitis and return to their normal activities.
