Pelvic Stress Fractures
Pelvic Stress Fractures: Understanding Causes and Physiotherapy Management
A pelvic or sacral stress fracture is a small crack or severe bruising in the bones of the pelvis, particularly the sacrum, which is located at the base of the spine. This injury is common among athletes, particularly runners and dancers, and can also affect individuals who experience a sudden increase in physical activity or have underlying bone health issues. While it may not be as well-known as other types of fractures, a pelvic stress fracture can cause significant pain and limit mobility. Physiotherapy plays a critical role in the recovery process, helping patients regain strength and prevent further injury. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, we specialise in personalised treatment plans to manage pelvic stress fractures effectively.
What Causes Pelvic Stress Fractures?
Pelvic stress fractures are typically caused by overuse or repetitive stress on the bones of the pelvis, leading to tiny cracks that develop over time. Common causes include:
Overtraining or Sudden Activity Increase: Athletes who increase the intensity or frequency of their training without allowing time for the body to adjust are at higher risk of stress fractures.
Poor Bone Health: Conditions like osteoporosis or low bone density can weaken bones, making them more susceptible to stress fractures, even with normal physical activity.
Improper Footwear or Biomechanics: Wearing inappropriate footwear or having poor biomechanics (e.g., overpronation) can increase the stress on the pelvis, leading to fractures.
Nutritional Deficiencies: Inadequate intake of calcium, vitamin D, or other nutrients necessary for bone health can also contribute to the development of stress fractures.
Symptoms of a Pelvic Stress Fracture
Pelvic stress fractures may initially present as mild pain that worsens with activity, particularly high-impact activities such as running or jumping. Other common symptoms include:
Pain in the Lower Back or Buttock Area: Pain typically develops in the sacrum or lower pelvis and may radiate to the buttocks or groin.
Pain During Activity: The pain often worsens during weight-bearing activities, such as walking or standing for long periods.
Swelling and Tenderness: The affected area may become swollen or tender to the touch.
Difficulty with Movement: As the fracture progresses, patients may experience difficulty with activities such as climbing stairs or sitting down, and there may be noticeable weakness in the lower body.
How Physiotherapy Can Help
Physiotherapy is an essential part of the rehabilitation process for pelvic stress fractures. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, we focus on promoting healing, reducing pain, and restoring strength and mobility.
Initial Rest and Pain Management: In the early stages, it’s crucial to allow the fracture to heal by reducing weight-bearing activities. Physiotherapists will advise on modifying daily activities and provide strategies for pain management, such as ice therapy and gentle mobilisation techniques.
Strengthening and Mobility Exercises: Once the pain has subsided, physiotherapists introduce exercises to restore strength in the muscles surrounding the pelvis, including the hip flexors, glutes, and lower back muscles. Strengthening these areas helps reduce stress on the sacrum and promotes better stability and movement.
Improving Biomechanics: Identifying and correcting poor movement patterns, such as improper gait or posture, can help prevent future stress fractures. Physiotherapists assess and provide guidance on proper body mechanics during daily activities and exercise.
Gradual Return to Activity: Rehabilitation involves a carefully structured plan to gradually return to normal activities and exercise, ensuring that the fracture heals fully and the patient regains confidence in their movement.
Conclusion
A pelvic (sacral) stress fracture can be a painful and debilitating injury, but with the right physiotherapy approach, it is possible to recover fully and prevent recurrence. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, our expert team offers personalised treatment plans designed to help patients return to their normal activities safely and efficiently. If you suspect a pelvic stress fracture or are experiencing persistent pelvic pain, contact us today to see how we can assist with your recovery.
