Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO)
Periacetabular Osteotomy (PAO): Understanding the Procedure and Recovery through Physiotherapy
Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a specialised surgical procedure used to treat hip dysplasia, a condition where the hip socket (acetabulum) is too shallow to fully support the head of the thigh bone (femur). Hip dysplasia can cause pain, instability, and increase the risk of early-onset osteoarthritis due to the improper alignment of the hip joint. The goal of PAO is to reposition the hip socket to provide better coverage of the femoral head, improving joint stability and function. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, we support patients through the rehabilitation process after PAO to help them regain mobility, strength, and return to an active lifestyle.
What is Periacetabular Osteotomy (PAO)?
PAO involves making cuts in the bones surrounding the acetabulum (part of the pelvis) to allow it to be repositioned for better alignment. By rotating the hip socket into a more normal position, the femoral head is better supported, reducing stress on the joint and preventing further damage. Unlike total hip replacement, which is sometimes used in advanced cases of hip arthritis, PAO is a joint-preserving procedure, making it an ideal option for younger patients or those with less advanced joint damage.
This surgery is most commonly performed in adolescents and young adults diagnosed with hip dysplasia, often following years of intermittent pain or discomfort. However, it can also be recommended for those experiencing increasing symptoms as they age.
Benefits of Physiotherapy After PAO
Rehabilitation through physiotherapy is crucial following a periacetabular osteotomy. The surgery itself realigns the bones, but recovery requires restoring muscle strength, flexibility, and function to the affected hip and surrounding areas. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, our team creates personalised rehabilitation programs to help patients recover optimally after PAO.
Pain Management: After surgery, patients typically experience pain and stiffness in the hip area. Physiotherapists employ techniques such as ice therapy, manual therapy, and gentle exercises to manage pain and reduce swelling in the early stages of recovery.
Range of Motion Exercises: Initially, it is essential to restore movement to the hip joint while protecting the surgical site. Controlled, passive range of motion exercises are introduced to prevent stiffness and maintain flexibility.
Strengthening Exercises: Once healing progresses, strengthening the muscles around the hip, such as the glutes and quadriceps, is critical for supporting the joint. These exercises also help prevent compensatory movements that can lead to other injuries.
Gait Retraining: Patients may need to use crutches for a period post-surgery, so gait retraining is essential to restore normal walking patterns and minimise the risk of limping or improper weight distribution.
Gradual Return to Activity: As the hip heals, patients will gradually return to more weight-bearing activities, such as walking and light exercise. Physiotherapists guide patients through this process, ensuring that they build strength and endurance safely.
Why Choose Physiotherapy at Brisbane Physiotherapy?
Recovering from PAO requires a dedicated and structured rehabilitation plan to ensure long-term success. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, we work closely with patients to provide tailored programs that address their specific needs and goals. Our expert physiotherapists are trained to support every stage of recovery, from post-surgery pain management to advanced strength training and return to sport or daily activities.
Conclusion
Periacetabular osteotomy is an effective solution for individuals with hip dysplasia, offering the opportunity to restore joint stability and prevent further damage. Post-operative physiotherapy plays a vital role in ensuring a smooth recovery and return to normal function. If you’re preparing for PAO or recovering from hip surgery, Brisbane Physiotherapy can help you navigate the rehabilitation process with confidence and care. Contact us today to learn more about our services.
