Rotator Cuff Tears: Understanding Partial and Full Tears and the Role of Physiotherapy
Rotator cuff tears are a common shoulder injury that can significantly affect arm movement and cause discomfort. The rotator cuff consists of four muscles and tendons that stabilise the shoulder and facilitate lifting and rotating the arm. Tears can range from partial, where only some of the tendon fibres are damaged, to full-thickness tears, where the tendon is completely torn away from the bone. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, we specialise in managing rotator cuff injuries through personalised rehabilitation programs to promote healing and restore shoulder function.
What Causes Rotator Cuff Tears?
Rotator cuff tears are generally caused by:
Acute Injury: Falls, heavy lifting, or a sudden jerking motion can lead to tears, especially in younger or active individuals. This type of injury is common in contact sports, weightlifting, and occupations involving repetitive overhead activities.
Degenerative Wear and Tear: Over time, the rotator cuff can weaken due to age-related degeneration, especially in those over 40. Factors such as repetitive use, poor posture, or decreased blood supply to the tendons can make the rotator cuff more prone to tearing.
Repetitive Strain: Activities or sports that involve repetitive shoulder motions, like swimming, tennis, or painting, can gradually damage the tendons, leading to partial or complete tears.
Symptoms of Rotator Cuff Tears
The symptoms of rotator cuff tears may vary depending on the severity of the tear, but they commonly include:
Pain in the Shoulder: Pain may be felt during arm movements, especially when lifting or reaching overhead, and can also occur when lying on the affected shoulder.
Weakness in the Arm: The shoulder may feel weak, making it difficult to perform everyday tasks, such as combing hair or reaching for objects.
Limited Range of Motion: Movement may be restricted due to pain or weakness, especially when lifting the arm above shoulder level.
Clicking or Popping Sensation: Some individuals may experience a popping sensation during certain movements.
Physiotherapy for Rotator Cuff Tears
Physiotherapy is essential for managing both partial and full rotator cuff tears, whether surgery is required or not. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, our approach focuses on pain management, restoring strength, and improving shoulder mobility.
Pain Management: Techniques such as manual therapy, dry needling, or ice therapy can help reduce pain and inflammation in the shoulder.
Range of Motion Exercises: Gentle exercises are introduced to restore movement while protecting the injured tendons. This is crucial in the early stages of rehabilitation.
Strengthening Program: Targeted exercises to strengthen the rotator cuff muscles and surrounding shoulder muscles are gradually incorporated. This helps improve stability and reduce the risk of further injury.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation: If surgery is performed for a full-thickness tear, physiotherapy plays a key role in guiding the patient through a structured recovery program, focusing on regaining range of motion, strength, and function.
Conclusion
Rotator cuff tears can significantly affect quality of life, but with the right physiotherapy approach, recovery is achievable. At Brisbane Physiotherapy, we provide tailored treatment plans to help manage pain, restore function, and get you back to your daily activities. If you’re experiencing shoulder pain or suspect a rotator cuff tear, contact us today to start your recovery journey.
